Allen January 5th, 2004
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Mr. Kaplan examines how our fight in Afghanistan has devolved into a fortress mentality. Quoting from the article:
Of the roughly 10,000 American troops in Afghanistan, only a fraction of them are doing anything directly pivotal to the stabilization of the country. The rest are either part of a long support tail or part of newly-created layers of command at Bagram Air Base, north of Kabul, which micro-manage and complicate the work of a relatively small number of Army SF troops (Green Berets) located at various “fire bases.”
Instead of powering-down to a flattened hierarchy of small, autonomous units dispersed over a wide area — what the 1940 U.S. Marine “Small Wars Manual” recommends for fighting a guerrilla insurgency — the Americans have barricaded themselves into a mammoth, Cold War-style base at Bagram that drains resources from the fire bases. It is ironic that just as the Pentagon is proposing a more light and lethal world-wide basing posture (with many smaller footprints rather than a few large ones in Korea and Europe), in Afghanistan, whose mountains and tribes make it the most unconventional of battlefields, the U.S. has reverted to such an antiquated arrangement.
Half of the U.S. soldiery in Afghanistan is garrisoned at Bagram…
The problem, from how I see it, is human nature. Which would you rather do? Slog around in the dust and dirt searching for targets or sit in an air-conditioned office and approve someone else slogging around?
Thankfully there are those who make the commitment to be on the front-line. Those is in support should remember they are just that, support.
Further in the article, Mr. Kaplan states:
The search for HVTs (high value targets) such as bin Laden has not been similarly compromised. That is because the various “Delta” and other “black” Special Ops elements hunting down the HVTs have air support at near the battalion level. These commandos operate more like 5th Group did in 2001, cut loose from Bagram’s and the Pentagon’s dinosaurian organizational structure — in the manner of the most innovative corporations, which are deliberately kept weak at the center.
But even the search for HVTs is hurt by the overly regulated approach of hunting down the MVTs and LVTs (Low Value Targets). For it is the hunt for MVTs that constitutes the real bread and butter in the War on Terrorism. If the hunt for MVTs remains snarled in bureaucracy, the MVTs will fill the positions of any HVTs who happen to be killed or apprehended. More importantly, MVTs hold the key to capturing the HVTs. It’s the subway turnstile phenomenon. When New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani began arresting kids for jumping turnstiles, a percentage of them turned out to be wanted for more serious crimes, or they had information on those who were. To wit, it was MVTs who proved crucial in the capture of Saddam. Thus, the U.S. needs to be capturing more MVTs. It can only do that by giving Army SF the same autonomy and air support that Delta has.
Our efforts in Afghanistan (and by extension Pakistan) will have smaller and smaller returns if we continue to allow the support personnel to run the show.
The article finishes with a review of what is happening in the Philippines in 2002. We are doing there what we should be doing in the Pashtun region — letting the frontline soldiers do their work.